In order to coordinate the multi-objective scheduling of flood control, water supply, and ecological replenishment, and achieve the overall optimization of the economic, social, and ecological dimensions of the water resources system in the Qinhuai River Basin, an optimization scheduling model for the water resources system in the Qinhuai River Basin was constructed. A coupling calculation method with the hydrodynamic water quality model of the river network was proposed, and the NSGAⅢ algorithm was used to solve the coupling model. The results show that compared with conventional scheduling, 1%, 2%, and 5% frequency flood control scheduling optimizes the economic and ecological dimensions by 2.9% and 5.3%, 13.0% and 4.9%, 15.1% and 7.0%. 50%, 75%, 95% frequency water supply scheduling optimizes social dimension 9.3%, 13.1%, 18.8%. During flood season ecological replenishment scheduling optimizes economic dimension 3.6%, 8.6%, 4.4%. During non-flood season ecological replenishment scheduling optimizes economic dimension 6.1%, 4.9%, 4.8%. According to the optimized scheduling, the water level control lines of different river sections were obtained, and the scheduling decision rules for flood control, water supply, and ecological replenishment in different periods were proposed. This effectively improved the regulation and storage capacity of the river network and the overall optimization effect of flood control, water supply, and ecology, and enhanced the comprehensive utilization efficiency of water resources.

The existing flood regulation calculation methods for pumped storage power stations mostly neglect the hydraulic linkage between upper and lower reservoirs and tend to oversimplify scenarios involving the superposition of full-generation flow and natural floods. To address these issues, a flood regulation calculation method for the joint operation of upper and lower reservoirs in pumped storage power stations based on a segmented iterative method was proposed. This model established a mathematical framework that captured the complete water exchange and hydraulic coupling relationship between the upper and lower reservoirs and applied a segmented iterative algorithm to finely resolve the dynamic variations in water level and flow of the upper and lower reservoirs. On this basis, the model integrated a sliding combination approach to construct a flood encounter scenario matrix, simulating the impacts of various operating conditions and flood encounter scenarios on reservoir operations. A dynamic reserved reservoir capacity control strategy was proposed to ensure the safe operation of the power station and meet subsequent power generation needs. Case study results indicate that the proposed model can accurately and reliably simulate the dynamic response of upper and lower reservoirs under complex flood scenarios and effectively reveal the critical influences of flood encounter timing, operational status of the power station, and reserved reservoir capacity control strategies on hydrological conditions of the reservoirs. The most unfavorable flood encounter scenario identified by the model aligns with the operational characteristics of pumped storage power stations, offering a scientific reference for their engineering design and safe operation.

The Jiangsu section of the eastern route of the South-to-North Water Transfer (JE-SNWT) Project is prone to encounter the problem of spatiotemporal unbalanced water supply when transferring water to the water receiving area inside the province. In order to increase the comprehensive benefits of the project operation and improve the water supply balance of the project, this paper established a multi-objective optimization scheduling model with the minimum comprehensive water shortage rate in the water receiving area, the minimum total pumping volume of the pumping station, the minimum standard deviation of the water shortage rate in each period, and the minimum standard deviation of the water shortage rate in each water receiving area. The NSGA-Ⅲ algorithm was used to solve the optimization scheduling model, and the combination weighting approach based on the analytic hierarchy process and the TOPSIS method was used to optimize the scheme. The results showed that compared with the conventional scheduling scheme, the water supply rate of the water receiving area in Jiangsu section of the eastern route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in the optimized scheduling scheme was significantly improved. Under the 95%, 75% and 50% water frequency, the comprehensive water shortage rate decreased by 9.2%, 8.2% and 10.5%, respectively. The total pumping volume of the pumping station increased slightly by 21.6% and 15.4% at 95% and 75% inflow frequencies, and decreased significantly by 39.4% at 50% inflow frequency. The spatial and temporal balance of water supply in the water receiving area was obviously improved. The standard deviation of water shortage rate in each period and the standard deviation of water shortage rate in each water receiving area were significantly reduced under 95%, 75% and 50% water frequency. The distribution range of water shortage rate in different periods in different water receiving areas was more uniform and concentrated.

To quantify the risk situation during the operation of cascade hydropower station reservoirs, a risk operation model driven by forecast information was proposed. Based on long-short term memory (LSTM) neural network, a risk situation prediction model was established. By constructing a mapping relationship between predicted inflow runoff, reservoir operating conditions, scheduling decisions, output damage degree, and abandoned water volume, the risk of reservoir scheduling in cascade hydropower stations under complex operating conditions was dynamically deduced. A risksituation based scheduling model for cascade hydropower station reservoirs was established, and risk pre control models for insufficient power generation and water abandonment were proposed. A case study was conducted on a cascade hydropower station consisting of the Jinping Ⅰ Reservoir and the Ertan Reservoir in the lower reaches of the Yalong River Basin. The results show that compared to the conventional maximum power generation model, the risk scheduling model compensates for future output shortage periods by reducing a certain amount of output in advance, reducing the depth of output shortage of the Jinping Ⅰ Reservoir and Ertan Reservoir by 46% and 63%, respectively. Additionally, it increases power generation discharge in advance to reserve storage capacity, thus alleviating the water surplus in the subsequent periods in the wet season, leading to a reduction of total water surplus of the Jinping Ⅰ Reservoir and Ertan Reservoir by 4.8% and 5.4%, respectively. The risk situation prediction model can incorporate the uncertainty of inflow into the risk scheduling model, enabling dynamic response to the operational state of the hydropower station reservoir and changes in inflow situation through risk control decisions.

Aiming at the water resource dispatching and allocation problem in the receiving area of the Jiangsu Section of the East Route Project of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, with the goal of minimizing the total water shortage in the receiving area and the total energy consumption of the pumping station, a water resource optimization scheduling model of the Jiangsu Section of the East Route Project of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project was established. The transfer water from the South-to-North Water Transfer Project was jointly allocated with local water resources, and the water resources allocation model for the Jiangsu Section of the East Route Project of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project was constructed with the goal of maximizing economic, social, and environmental benefits. The model simulation was conducted using the basic scheme and water-saving scheme and the results show that under the three conditions of 50%, 75%, and 95% precipitation guaranteed rates, the water shortage rate of the water-saving scheme in the receiving area decreased by 2.91%, 3.61%, and 3.83% compared to the basic scheme, respectively. Under the water-saving scheme in receiving area, each project has basically completed the water supply task in the receiving area, and prioritized the use of the Yunxi Line, which has a lower unit energy consumption of the pumping station, for water transfer. This indicates that the optimized dispatching and allocation model can operate in a more economical and energy-saving way while ensuring water use in the receiving area.

Aiming at the problem of significant deviation between the calculation results of abandoned water risk in existing hydropower stations and the actual situation, based on the principle of water balance, a cascade reservoir abandoned water risk quantification method coupling runoff and load dual uncertainties was proposed by identifying abandoned water risk factors. The concept of critical abandonment probability was introduced, and a method for determining the critical abandonment probability of cascade reservoirs based on the joint minimum of warning false alarm rate and missed alarm rate, as well as a method for controlling the water level drop of cascade reservoirs at the end of the water supply period based on the critical abandonment probability, were proposed. On this basis, a mid- and long-term multi-objective optimal operation model considering the abandoned water risk in cascade reservoirs was constructed, and a case study was conducted on the Wujiang cascade reservoir group. The results show that there is a significant monotonic increasing relationship between the abandoned water probability and the abandoned water flow rate in the Wujiang cascade reservoir group. The two-stage scheme of coupling operation period and residual period has increased the power generation efficiency by about 0. 51% compared to the conventional optimized scheduling scheme, and the ecological efficiency has increased by about 1. 06 times.

On the basis of combing the evolution of China' s pumped storage electricity price policy, in response to the development direction of the Guizhou's electricity market, this paper designs the electricity price formation mechanism for the pumped storage power station in the Wujiang River Basin of Guizhou under different electricity market environments. The power price and capacity price in the electricity market environment before and after the formation of the electricity spot market are calculated. The results show that in the imperfect electricity market environment, the on-grid electricity price of the power station is 0.3515 Yuan / ( kW· h), the pumped water electricity price is 0.2636 Yuan / ( kW· h), and the capacity electricity price is 668.50 to 771.70 Yuan / (kW· a). In a relatively perfect electricity market environment, the peak-valley electricity price difference is 0.331 to 0.504 Yuan / (kW· h),and the site capacity electricity price is 586.17 to 689.37 Yuan / (kW· a). It can be seen that it is reasonable and effective to strictly implement the two-part electricity price without forming a spot market at this stage. The future spot market will be characterized by electricity prices generated through market competition.