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Open Access Issue
Metaverse: Concept, Key Technologies, and Vision
International Journal of Crowd Science 2023, 7 (4): 149-157
Published: 22 December 2023
Downloads:17

Metaverse is a collective term for all economic and social activities in the space where the physical world, digital world, and consciousness world are interactively integrated and mutually empowered. The metaverse is the advanced stage of digital civilization and the future formation of human society. The basis for developing metaverse is general digital technologies such as high-performance network, high-performance storage, high-performance computing, high-performance security, and artificial intelligence. On the basis of the above, the key to developing the metaverse lies in researching core technologies such as digital life technologies, trusted collaborative network technologies, natural interaction technologies, ubiquitous operating system technologies, technologies and methods for computational experiments, and theories and technologies for crowd intelligence science. We should take typical metaverse application scenarios as entry points, such as the key fields of agriculture, industry, service industry, military, social governance, and other economic and social areas, to break through key metaverse technologies and implement pilot demonstration projects of metaverse. Through the demonstration, we can systematically promote the application of metaverse in economy and society from point to line, and continuously iterate and evolve the metaverse technology to advance the metaverse to a higher stage. This paper systematically analyzes the current development status and future directions of metaverse from the concept, key technology, and vision of metaverse, paving the way for the subsequent research of metaverse.

Open Access Issue
Diminishing the Perception Bias in the Working Environment Using a Network Generation-Based Framework
Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024, 29 (3): 671-683
Published: 04 December 2023
Downloads:19

Income inequality is widespread in human society and has important implications for human behavior. People’s perception of the environment bridges income inequality and individual behavioral decisions. Existing research suggests that social income inequality is usually biased, either overestimated or underestimated. However, such phenomena have not been fully explored with quantitive prove, especially in the working environment based on performance data of actual production. In fact, the correct perception of people is the basis of a fair environment for their production decisions. Thus, the perception bias may weaken the adaptability and competitiveness of a company in the market. This paper first confirms the prevalence of individual perception bias of income inequality within the working environment based on actual production data. Our results show that people tend to underestimate income inequity around them, and this underestimation grows with the real unfairness of the working environment. Further, this paper proposes a network generation-based framework with a three-layer structure to correct perception bias using a cooperative network reengineering approach. Within the framework, a homophily-based generative network model is proposed as the key algorithm. Our simulation results show that our proposed framework effectively reduces individuals’ perception bias of income inequality.

Open Access Issue
Analysis of a Firm’s Optimal Size Based on Accessible Market Capacity
Tsinghua Science and Technology 2020, 25 (5): 659-667
Published: 16 March 2020
Downloads:16

E-commerce has dramatically reduced the limitation of space and time on economic activities, resulting in individuals having access to a huge number of consumers. In this paper, we propose a company’s optimal size decision model containing management costs as a means of investigating the evolution of the company size in e-commerce. Given that production decisions are made based on accessible market capacity, we explain how a company enters the market, and we draw an evolutionary path of the optimal company size. The results show that in the early expansion stage of accessible market capacity, a firm’s optimal size keeps increasing; after reaching a peak, the change in a firm’s optimal size depends on its cost management. When the accessible market capacity reaches a threshold, the firm will no longer be in the market, and may no longer exist. Finally, we construct a simulation framework based on complex adaptive systems to validate our proposed model. A simulation experiment confirms our model and reveals the dynamic co-evolution process of individual producers and firms.

Open Access Issue
Architecture of Next-Generation E-Commerce Platform
Tsinghua Science and Technology 2019, 24 (1): 18-29
Published: 08 November 2018
Downloads:28

E-commerce, driven by computer and internet technology, has experienced a significant growth in almost all fields during the past two decades. E-commerce has significantly changed the rules of business. Numerous research institutions and enterprises have made e-commerce more intelligent and convenient. Here, we propose a novel prototype of next-generation e-commerce platform with an architecture framework and theoretical models. Each subject, including the individual, enterprise, and administrative department, has his/her personalized portal to complete the subject information synchronization, supply release, demand satisfaction, and social contact. By using the personalized portal, instead of the traditional trading platform, the consumers and suppliers can complete intelligent matching transactions without intermediate traders. Moreover, the overall transaction process can be reviewed, making the transaction safer, more transparent, and more interesting. Moreover, the interconnected personalized portals solve the isolated islands of information, and the counterparts support parallel processing. Thus, this may improve the operating efficiency of the entire society.

Open Access Literature review Issue
Literature review on collective intelligence: a crowd science perspective
International Journal of Crowd Science 2018, 2 (1): 64-73
Published: 11 April 2018
Downloads:25
Purpose

Collective intelligence has drawn many scientists’ attention in many centuries. This paper shows the collective intelligence study process in a perspective of crowd science.

Design/methodology/approach

After summarizing the time-order process of related researches, different points of views on collective intelligence’s measurement and their modeling methods were outlined.

Findings

The authors show the recent research focusing on collective intelligence optimization. The studies on application of collective intelligence and its future potential are also discussed.

Originality/value

This paper will help researchers in crowd science have a better picture of this highly related frontier interdiscipline.

Open Access Issue
Analysis of Specialized Production of Transaction Services Based on Essential Services Quantity
Tsinghua Science and Technology 2017, 22 (5): 529-538
Published: 11 September 2017
Downloads:12

The specialized production of e-commerce transaction systems is an important research topic, which is of great significance for evaluating the development level and forecasting the development direction of e-commerce. However, there is a certain disparity between the current mainstream research model and reality, which leads to a deviated result. This paper puts forward a definition of “transaction efficiency” based on essential transaction services and establishes a model of the middleman’s specialized production decision of transaction services. The research result shows that (1) transaction efficiency plays an important role in improving the middleman’s specialized production level, (2) only when the transaction efficiency is higher than a certain threshold will the distribution middleman appear, and (3) the degree of economic specialization, price of commodities and transaction services, and other associated factors also affect the evolution of e-commerce transaction systems.

Open Access Research paper Issue
A MCIN-based architecture of smart agriculture
International Journal of Crowd Science 2017, 1 (3): 237-248
Published: 04 September 2017
Downloads:9
Purpose

Material conscious and information network (MCIN) is a kind of cyber physics social system. This paper aims to study the MCIN modeling method and design the MCIN-based architecture of smart agriculture (MCIN-ASA) which is different from current vertical architecture and involves production, management and commerce. Architecture is composed of three MCIN-ASA participants which are MCIN-ASA enterprises, individuals and commodity.

Design/methodology/approach

Architecture uses enterprises and individuals personalized portals as the carriers which are linked precisely with each other through a peer-to-peer network called six-degrees-of-separation block-chain. The authors want to establish a self-organization, open and ecological operational system which includes active, personalized consumption, direct, centralized distribution, distributed and smart production.

Findings

The paper models three main MCIN-ASA participants, namely, design the smart supply, demand and management functions, which show the feasibility innovation and high efficiency of implementing MCIN on agriculture. At the same time, the paper presents a prototype system based on the architecture.

Originality/value

The authors think that MCIN-ASA improves current agriculture greatly and inspires a lot in production-marketing-combined electronic commerce.

Open Access Research paper Issue
Analysis of e-commerce transaction system’s division of labor based on essential services quantity
International Journal of Crowd Science 2017, 1 (3): 197-209
Published: 04 September 2017
Downloads:8
Purpose

The division of labor of e-commerce transaction system is an important research topic. However, there is a certain disparity between the current mainstream research model and the reality, which leads to a biased result. This paper aims to find the effects of transaction efficiency on the evolution of e-commerce transaction system’s division of labor and the relationships between the results and other parameters.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper puts forward a definition of transaction efficiency based on transaction services and establishes a model of middleman’s specialized production decision of transaction services on this basis.

Findings

The research results show that the transaction efficiency plays an important role on the change of middlemen’s division of labor level. The degree of economic specialization, price of commodities and transaction services and other associated factors also affect middlemen’s division of labor.

Originality/value

This paper is of great significance for evaluating the development level and forecast the development direction of e-commerce.

Open Access Research paper Issue
Intelligent interaction based on holographic personalized portal
International Journal of Crowd Science 2017, 1 (2): 171-182
Published: 12 June 2017
Downloads:13
Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the architecture of holographic personalized portal, user modeling, commodity modeling and intelligent interaction.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, the authors propose crowd-science industrial ecological system based on holographic personalized portal and its interaction. The holographic personality portal is based on holographic enterprises, commodities and consumers, and the personalized portal consists of accurate ontology, reliable supply, intelligent demand and smart cyberspace.

Findings

The personalized portal can realize the information acquisition, characteristic analysis and holographic presentation. Then, the intelligent interaction, e.g. demand decomposition, personalized search, personalized presentation and demand prediction, will be implemented within the personalized portal.

Originality/value

The authors believe that their work on intelligent interaction based on holographic personalized portal, which has been first proposed in this paper, is innovation focusing on the interaction between intelligence and convenience.

Open Access Conceptual paper Issue
Crowd science and engineering: concept and research framework
International Journal of Crowd Science 2017, 1 (1): 2-8
Published: 06 March 2017
Downloads:27
Purpose

The synthetic application and interaction of/between the internet, Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data, Industry 4.0 and other new patterns and new technologies shall breed future Web-based industrial operation system and social operation management patterns, manifesting as a crowd cyber eco-system composed of multiple interconnected intelligent agents (enterprises, individuals and governmental agencies) and its dynamic behaviors. This paper aims to explore the basic principles and laws of such a system and its behavior.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors propose the concepts of crowd science and engineering (CSE) and expound its main content, thus forming a research framework of theories and methodologies of crowd science.

Findings

CSE is expected to substantially promote the formation and development of crowd science and thus lay a foundation for the advancement of Web-based industrial operation system and social operation management patterns.

Originality/value

This paper is the first one to propose the concepts of CSE, which lights the beacon for the future research in this area.

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