Electrochemical methods have been widely used in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries, which require accurate concentration measurements, chemical reaction detections and analyses. The electrochemical potentiostat, the core element in electrochemical instruments, have been discussed as a hot topic addressing the difficulty of applying high-precision constant voltage and picoampere current measurements. Meanwhile, reliable potentiostats are in demand for complicated industrial environments with noises as well as requirements of remotemonitors. This paper describes a potentiostat for industrial glucose measurement that is not only accurate but also fault tolerant to guarantee high reliability in industrial environments. The instrument uses standard industrial communication protocols, profibus, and a 4-20 mA current loop, for remote control and monitoring. Experimental results show that this design has 0.01% accuracy with 1 mV resolution for voltage applications and 0.01% accuracy with 1 pA resolution for current measurements. The design is also shown to be highly reliable in noisy environments.

Register allocation in high-level circuit synthesis is important not only for reducing area, delay, and power overheads, but also for improving the testability of the synthesized circuits. This paper presents an improved register allocation algorithm that improves the testability called weighted graph-based balanced register allocation for high-level circuit synthesis. The controllability and observability of the registers and the self-loop elimination are analyzed to form a weighted conflict graph, where the weight of the edge between two nodes denotes the tendency of the two variables to share the same register. Then the modified desaturation algorithm is used to dynamically modify the weights to obtain a final balanced register allocation which improves the testability of the synthesized circuits. Tests on some benchmarks show that the algorithm gives a higher fault coverage than other algorithms with less area overhead and even less time delay.