Deep-sea natural gas hydrates represent a vast energy frontier, yet commercial extraction triggers complex multiphysics couplings, posing significant geomechanical and environmental hazards. This perspective synthesizes recent advances in elucidating multiscale triggers of reservoir instability and gas leakage. Leveraging three-dimensional digital rock physics, the impact of microstructural evolution on nonlinear flow is investigated, with specific focus on hydrate morphology transitions and fines-migration-induced clogging. Geomechanical hazards are interpreted through novel stress-partitioning constitutive models coupled with acoustic-mechanical monitoring. Furthermore, the integration of multidimensional geophysical monitoring with hybrid data-driven and physics-based fusion methodologies offers a novel pathway for predicting coupled hydro-mechanical behaviors and enables real-time adaptive management. By bridging the scale gap from molecular kinetics to reservoir-scale responses, a comprehensive framework is outlined for safe and predictable hydrate production while mitigating environmental leakage risks.

Subseabed CO₂ sequestration represents a critical pathway within the carbon capture, utilization, and storage strategies. This study systematically discusses the multiscale research and application progress of electrical monitoring methods in the field of subseabed CO₂ sequestration. The sensitivity of microscopic pore structures to electrical methods is analysed through laboratory sample-scale tests, and the response characteristics of electrical methods during CO₂ plume migration in complex environments are characterized through large-scale model tests. With respect to theoretical inversion models, the integration of microscopic mechanisms with macroscopic evolution is effectively achieved through the application of electrical characteristic equations. Furthermore, field-scale monitoring has demonstrated the high applicability of electrical methods in evaluating pore media transport, phase transitions, and structural integrity during the subseabed CO₂ sequestration process. Finally, this study outlines future development directions for electrical monitoring, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation and technical perspective for subseabed carbon sequestration monitoring technologies.