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The connection between the magical coloring of trees
AIMS Mathematics 2024, 9(10): 27896-27907
Published: 15 October 2024
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Let f be a set-ordered edge-magic labeling of a graph G from V(G) and E(G) to [0,p1] and [1,p1], respectively; it also satisfies the following conditions: |f(V(G))|=p, maxf(X)<minf(Y), and f(x)+f(y)+f(xy)=C for each edge xyE(G). In this paper, we removed the restriction that the labeling of vertices could not be repeated, and presented the concept of magical colorings including edge-magic coloring, edge-difference coloring, felicitous-difference coloring, and graceful-difference coloring. We studied the magical colorings on the tree and proved the existence of four kinds of magical colorings on the tree from a set-ordered edge-magic labeling. Further, we revealed the transformation relationship between these kinds of colorings.

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