Dynamically modulating the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) presents a promising strategy for infected wound healing therapy, but conventional approaches predominantly focus on ROS generation, often neglecting the necessity of redox balance. Here we develop a pH-responsive bifunctional nanozyme through coupling sub-nanoscale 12-phosphotungstic acid (PTA) cluster with Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. This Fe₃O₄-PTA (FPTA) nanozyme can dynamically regulate redox activity within the wound microenvironment: during the early bacterial infection phase of wound niche within acidic pH, it catalyzes the conversion of exogenous H₂O₂ into highly reactive oxygen species, inducing bacterial membrane disruption and apoptosis; while upon restoration of physiological pH during healing phase, it scavenges excess ROS, mitigates inflammation, and promotes re-epithelialization. Catalytic kinetics, evaluated through a double-fitting Michaelis–Menten model, reveals high intrinsic V_max values for H₂O₂ and TMB substrates, and the FPTA nanozyme exhibited potent scavenging capability against ABTS^•, ·OH, and H₂O₂, substantiating its bifunctional catalytic nature. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated excellent antibacterial efficacy, biocompatibility, accelerated re-epithelialization, and promoted the infected wound healing, highlighting Fe₃O₄-PTA as an effective bifunctional nanozyme for precise redox modulation in wound care.

The clinical management of infected wounds remains challenging due to limitations of conventional therapies and risks of bacterial infections. Though electrical stimulation (ES) is promising for infected wound healing, conventional ES devices face practical barriers. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) offer a new strategy for ES in wound healing, yet bacterial infections can corrode TENG materials and reduce their efficacy. Here, we developed a self-powered wound dressing system based on TENG, incorporating an antibacterial conductive hydrogel composed of polydopamine (PDA), polyacrylamide (PAM), and metal-organic framework zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67). This hydrogel exhibits excellent mechanical properties and intrinsic antibacterial activity, reducing infection risks and protecting TENG integrity. In vitro studies revealed that such TENG patch promoted the proliferation, adhesion and migration of keratinocytes, and achieving over 96% bactericidal efficiency against both S. aureus and E. coli. Moreover, the TENG patch facilitated the infected rat skin wound to heal within 14 days by reducing inflammatory response and promoting tissue regeneration. This work provides a new solution with clinical potential for treating infected wounds by synergistic effects of electrical stimulation and novel antibacterial materials, and opens up a new insight in designing TENG devices.