The operating temperatures of hot-section components in advanced aero-engines continue to increase, accompanied by increasingly severe service conditions. Conventional thermal barrier coatings（TBCs）can no longer meet these demanding requirements, necessitating the development of new TBCs with higher temperature resistance and superior overall performance. This paper systematically analyzes the application requirements for new thermal barrier coating materials in advanced aero-engines, focusing on material composition, fabrication processes and microstructure. It elaborates on recent research progress in three types of novel TBCs: rare-earth-doped ZrO₂ coatings applied via atmospheric plasma spraying（APS）, rare-earth zirconate coatings produced by electron beam physical vapor deposition（EB-PVD）, and high-entropy ceramic coatings fabricated through plasma spray-physical vapor deposition （PS-PVD）. Compared to traditional double-layer structured yttria-stabilized zirconia（YSZ） TBCs, these new coating systems—based on rare-earth-doped ZrO₂, rare-earth zirconates, or high-entropy ceramics—exhibit lower thermal conductivity, enhanced thermal shock resistance, and superior resistance to calcium-magnesium-alumino-silicate （CMAS） corrosion. Through in-depth integration with processes such as APS, EB-PVD and PS-PVD, the performance of these coatings has been significantly improved, making them suitable for application in critical hot-section components like floating wall tiles and turbine blades. As breakthroughs continue to emerge in new materials, structures and processes, these advanced thermal barrier coatings are poised to provide crucial support for next-generation aero-engines, enabling them to surpass current temperature limits and achieve greater efficiency and reliability.

Lattice materials, as novel structural materials characterized by lightweight construction, high strength-to-weight ratio, and multifunctional capabilities, exhibit substantial application potential in aerospace propulsion systems. Drawing upon findings from our research team, this paper systematically examines the structural classifications (rod-like, plate-like, curved-shell configurations), material compositions (polymer matrix composites, metallic alloys, ceramic matrices), and fabrication methodologies (investment casting, additive manufacturing techniques) of lattice materials, with particular focus on their functional attributes including enhanced thermal conductivity, superior thermal insulation performance, exceptional specific strength characteristics, impact resistance capacity, and tunable coefficients of thermal expansion. Contemporary lattice material systems are comprehensively analyzed through comparative evaluation of their architectural configurations, constituent materials, manufacturing technologies, and resultant functional properties. The investigation specifically addresses implementation strategies for lattice materials demonstrating enhanced heat dissipation, thermal barrier capabilities, mechanical performance metrics, energy absorption characteristics, and customized thermomechanical responses in critical aerospace engine components such as turbine blades, combustion chamber linings, heat exchangers, and rotating disk structures. Empirical evidence demonstrates that integrated structural-functional design approaches enable lattice materials to significantly enhance overall system performance parameters, operational reliability thresholds, and weight reduction efficiencies in aerospace propulsion applications. Future technological advancements should prioritize resolving key technical challenges including multi-scale structural optimization under geometric constraints, long-term performance stability under extreme service conditions, and accurate predictive modeling of coupled thermomechanical phenomena to accelerate industrial adoption of these advanced materials.