Research progress and application of lattice materials in aero-engines

Lattice materials, as novel structural materials characterized by lightweight construction, high strength-to-weight ratio, and multifunctional capabilities, exhibit substantial application potential in aerospace propulsion systems. Drawing upon findings from our research team, this paper systematically examines the structural classifications (rod-like, plate-like, curved-shell configurations), material compositions (polymer matrix composites, metallic alloys, ceramic matrices), and fabrication methodologies (investment casting, additive manufacturing techniques) of lattice materials, with particular focus on their functional attributes including enhanced thermal conductivity, superior thermal insulation performance, exceptional specific strength characteristics, impact resistance capacity, and tunable coefficients of thermal expansion. Contemporary lattice material systems are comprehensively analyzed through comparative evaluation of their architectural configurations, constituent materials, manufacturing technologies, and resultant functional properties. The investigation specifically addresses implementation strategies for lattice materials demonstrating enhanced heat dissipation, thermal barrier capabilities, mechanical performance metrics, energy absorption characteristics, and customized thermomechanical responses in critical aerospace engine components such as turbine blades, combustion chamber linings, heat exchangers, and rotating disk structures. Empirical evidence demonstrates that integrated structural-functional design approaches enable lattice materials to significantly enhance overall system performance parameters, operational reliability thresholds, and weight reduction efficiencies in aerospace propulsion applications. Future technological advancements should prioritize resolving key technical challenges including multi-scale structural optimization under geometric constraints, long-term performance stability under extreme service conditions, and accurate predictive modeling of coupled thermomechanical phenomena to accelerate industrial adoption of these advanced materials.