Developing phase-change fabrics for multi-source energy harvesting is crucial for personal thermal management, yet modulus mismatch between elastic matrices and rigid fillers still causes functional failure under deformation. Herein, a deformation-adaptive, hierarchically structured phase change fabric is engineered via coaxial electrospinning followed by pre-strain–assisted MXene deposition. This design robustly encapsulates a paraffin wax (PW) core within a polyurethane (PU) sheath to prevent leakage, while the wrinkled MXene architecture mechanically decouples the rigid conductive network from the stretchable substrate. This geometry accommodates tensile strain through geometric unfolding, preserving a substantial latent heat of 105.0 J/g alongside excellent gas permeability. Consequently, the fabric exhibits deformation-insensitive thermal performance, maintaining saturation temperatures of 42.3 °C (100% strain, 50 mW/cm² irradiation) and 41.7 °C (90% strain, 2 V). Simulations further highlight its robust reliability in cold environments (−4 °C), a 238 s photothermal charge sustains comfort for 2960 s, while a mere 120 s electrothermal input extends protection for over 2864 s. Even under 150% tensile strain, the electrothermal mode maintains skin temperature around 30 °C after ≈ 2800 s. By synergizing mechanical robustness, breathability, and reversible energy storage, this work presents a versatile structural strategy for multi-scenario wearable thermal management.

The rapid progress in Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics technology has significantly intensified demand for multifunctional sensors. Nevertheless, achieving simultaneous integration of high sensitivity, versatile functionality and mechanical robustness in a single sensor device remains a substantial technical challenge. Herein, inspired by the hierarchical architecture of human skin, a Janus-structured electronic skin (e-skin) based on micro-nano fiber membranes was designed through a simple processing strategy integrating thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), carbon black (CB), and polypyrrole (PPy). Due to the synergistic effect of microfiber layer and the nanofiber layer at different scale, the e-skin features extremely high strain sensitivity (gauge factor = 15,684.11), wide sensing range (0.1%–400% strain) and excellent working stability, enabling precise monitoring of angle variations, shape deformation of objects and complex human movements. Moreover, by leveraging the intrinsic sensitivity of CB and PPy, the e-skin also demonstrates multi-modal sensing capabilities in terms of humidity and volatile organic compound (acetone, ethanol, cyclohexane, etc.). Finally, we developed a humidity-monitoring platform capable of detecting hazardous chemicals, offering promising applications in industrial safety early-warning systems and precision environmental monitoring.