Fluoroquinolones, a group of synthetic antibiotics, are widely used in the prevention and control of livestock diseases. If overused, fluoroquinolones will pose a threat to peoples’ health. Therefore, it is of great significance to establish an efficient detection method for monitoring fluoroquinolones residues in animal-derived food. In this paper, we introduce readers to the types and toxicity of fluoroquinolones, and present a detailed review of recent progress in the development of detection methods for fluoroquinolones residues in animal-derived food. It is expected that this review can provide a reference for the monitoring of fluoroquinolones residues in animal-derived food.