In order to carry out competency-oriented teaching in the experimental courses at the foundational teaching stage, and strengthen engineering awareness and practical ability cultivation, the French Ministry of Education has proposed six competency indicators for the physics and chemistry courses of engineering preparatory courses. This paper takes the “Physics Experiment (Optics)” course for engineers majors as an example to introduce a teaching design oriented towards six competency indicators, including the reconstruction of course content, implementation plans and evaluation results of process-oriented assessment and terminal assessment. The experience gained can provide reference and inspiration for the teaching reform of similar courses.