To evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of the reconstruction of large anterior palatal fistulae by anteriorly based dorsal tongue flaps to provide a rational reference of anteriorly based dorsal tongue flaps for clinicians.

Five patients with anterior hernia had a defect range of 1.0 cm × 1.0 cm to 1.5 cm × 2.0 cm, and the anterior tongue was 1.3 cm × 3.5 cm to 2.0 cm × 3.5 cm. The defects were all repaired with anteriorly based dorsal tongue flaps. The clinical efficacy was evaluated after operation, including whether the mucosal flap was infected, whether there was any shedding before the pedicle, and whether there was any perforation after operation. Thereafter, patients who were satisfied with their chewing, swallowing, speech function and appearance were followed up.

All patients underwent successful reconstruction of palatal defects by anteriorly based tongue flaps, and no case of spontaneous detachment of the tongue flap occurred. Patients with palatal fistulae were followed up for 16-28 months, and no recurrence was encountered. The operation had no effect on the speech, agitation and swallowing function of the tongue, and patients were satisfied with the appearance.

The dorsal lingual mucosal flap pedicled with the anterior tongue is a safe and reliable method for repairing large anterior palatal fistula.

To compare the clinical effect of the reconstruction of defects of the surgical area with the facial-submental artery island flap (FSAIF) after resection of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OC-SCC) and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OP-SCC).

A total of 203 cases of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma and 72 cases of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma were treated with the FSAIFs. The complications and success rate of the two groups were observed. The swallowing and voice functions of the two groups were evaluated and compared 6 months after the operation. The survival of the two groups was followed up.

No significant differences were found in TNM stage, the skin paddle of the flap, the rate of flap failure, or local complications between the OC-SCC and OP-SCC groups (P > 0.05). Significant differences in swallowing and speech outcomes were observed between the groups (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found in survival outcome between the groups after 9-59 months of follow-up.

FSAIF can be used for reconstructing the defect in oral cavity or oropharynx, but the swallowing function of reconstructing the defect in oropharynx is poor.

To evaluate the treatment effect and drug safety of treating infantile head and neck hemangioma with oral propranolol.

Oral propranolol was applied to 68 infants(male 20 cases, female 48 cases, from 1 to 9-month-old, with an average age of 4. 2 month) with heamngiomas. The daily dose of propranolol was increased from 0. 5 mg / kg at the first day to 1. 0 mg / kg at the second day, and to 2 mg / kg at the third day. The daily dose was given equally every 8 hours. A therapy dose of 2 mg / kg / day was given until 1-year old, and the patients were visited every month. The changes of tumor size, texture, color and adverse effects were monitored. The short-term results were evaluated and adverse effects after medication were observed and managed accordingly by Achauer criterion.

Although side effects were noted in 23 cases (33. 8%), most were mild adverse effects and propranolol therapy was continued after symptomatic treatment. 2 patients (2. 9%) were stopped therapy due to hypotension and abnormal liver function after drug administration. The results were evaluated using Achauer system, scale Ⅰ (poor) in 6 patients (8. 8%), scale Ⅱ (moderate) in 11 patients(16. 2%), scale Ⅲ (good) in 17 patients (25%) and scale Ⅳ (excellent) in 32 patients (47. 1%).

Oral propranolol treatment of infantile hemangioma has elicited high efficacy and tolerance with few expected adverse effects. It might be used as the first-line treatment for infantile head and neck hemangioma.

To evaluate the effect of Eagle syndrome treatment by styloid resection from extraoral approach combined with antidepressants therapy.

32 patients with Eagle syndrome got a score over 49 in a self-rating depression scale preoperatively, and they were all diagnosed as depression. All patients underwent resection of the elongated styloid processes under general anesthesia via an extra-oral approach, furthermore 16 patients in the experiment group were treated with fluoxetine 20 mg/day for 3 weeks postoperatively, which was not used in the control group. Beside this, other treatment were all the same. They were all followed for 12-36 months for the comparation of their treatment effect.

No surgical complications were observed. The cure rate in the experiment group is 93.8% whichin the control group is 68.8%. No complications occurred in any patient with depression medicine intervention. All patients had satisfactory cosmetic results and no paresthesias.

Dissection of styloid process via an extra-oral approach is operationable and reliable, as depression is one of the main problems in patients with Eagle syndrome, dissection of styloid process combined with antidepressants (fluoxetine) is preferred for treating Eagle syndrome.

To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of the parotid gland tumor in adolescent for providing clinical evidence for its treatment.

The clinical and pathological data of 31 adolescents (10-19 years old) from Jan. 2003 to Dec. 2011 were retrospectively studied and compared with 516 adult cases at the same time.

38.7%(12/31) of the parotid gland tumors in adolescent were malignant, but only 17%(88/516) in adults. Among the 31 cases, 19 cases were benign tumor (61.3%), 12 cases were malignant tumor (38.7%). Among the benign cases, pleomorphic adenoma was the most common diseases, which accounted for 89.5%(17/19). Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (5/12) was the most common malignancy. All of the 31 cases were treated surgically, and 2 malignant cases were treated combined with postoperative radiotherapy.

The clinical and pathological features of parotid gland tumors in adolescent are different from those in adults, and more attention should be paid to this phenomenon. Operative treatment is the preferred treatment of parotid gland tumor in adolescent, which should be early and thorough. Thus far, there is great dispute on postoperative radiotherapy.

To investigate the efficacy of carbon-nanoparticles suspension in detecting sentinel lymph nodes in cT1-2N0 oral tongue carcinoma and explore the application value of carbon-nanoparticles suspension in sentinel lymph node biopsy.

Fifty-eight patients with cT1-2N0 oral tongue carcinoma were enrolled in this prospective trial. Thirty patients received carbon nanoparticle injection around the tumor pre-operatively (experimental group), and the remaining 28 were injected with methylene blue dye (control group). All patients underwent elective neck dissection and routine pathological examination was performed in all resected specimens.

The experimental group had a clear surgical field compared with the control group, and there is clear boundary between the staining lymph nodes and surrounding tissue. In the experimental group, the detection rate, sensitivity, accuracy rate, and false negative rate of the carbon-nanoparticles suspension were 96.7% (29/30), 87.5% (7/8), 93.3% (28/30), and 12.5% (1/8), respectively compared with 92.8% (26/28), 66.7% (4/6), 85.7% (24/28), and 33.3% (2/6), respectively, of the control group. There is no significant difference in both groups (P>0.05).

The application of carbon-nanoparticles suspension facilitate sentinel lymph node detection and histological evaluation and therefore, could be an important adjunct to sentinel lymph node biopsy in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma.