Osteoporosis (OP) is a metabolic disease characterized by reduced bone mass, decreased bone mineral density, and increased bone fragility. This not only makes patients prone to fractures but also renders the bone tissues in the oral cavity vulnerable to damage, leading to premature loosening and loss of teeth. Implant prosthodontics is currently the best approach for managing partial and complete edentulism. When implants are placed in the oral cavity of OP patients, there is a delay in osseointegration and insufficient primary stability of dental implants, which affects the success rate of implantation. Ensuring their quick and firm integration with the bone tissue in the body of OP patients is a pressing issue that needs to be addressed in the field of oral implant prosthetics. This paper reviews commonly used methods of implant surface modification, such as physical, chemical, and biological modifications, and discusses the advantages of these technologies and the mechanisms of anti-OP effects, aiming at improving osseointegration of implants in OP patients, shortening the healing period, and enhancing the success rate of implantation. This will be significant for the research and development of new implants and for expanding the clinical indications of implant prosthodontics.

Identifying novel prognostic markers is crucial for predicting clinical outcomes and guiding targeted therapies. This study explores the biomarker potential of specific miRNAs, particularly miR-145 and miR-21, in the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and their associated mechanisms. mRNA and miRNA expression profiles were analyzed in OSCC patients. Bioinformatic analysis identified miR-145 and miR-21 as key markers. Clinical data from 87 patients showed that high miR-145 and low miR-21 expression correlated with a 91.6% 5-year survival rate. Functional studies showed that miR-145 induced G0/G1 phase arrest and shortened the S phase in OSCC cells. Overexpressing miR-145 or knocking down cyclin A2 (CCNA2) or cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) inhibited OSCC cell proliferation. Dual-luciferase assays confirmed that miR-145 directly targets the 3′-UTRs of CCNA2 and CDK6, reducing their expression. MiR-145, particularly when combined with miR-21, is a promising OSCC prognostic biomarker. It exerts its effects by modulating the cell cycle via CCNA2 and CDK6 suppression.