To compare and understand the trends in quality control data changes in public and private medical institutions specializing in plastic and aesthetic major in China over the past three years.

The national quality control center of plastic and aesthetic major formulated quality control indicators, collected indicator data through the National Clinical Improvement System, conducted feedback verification on the data, organized and summarized the final data, and convened expert committees to analyze the data change trends.

In the past three years, the number of both public and private medical institutions specializing in plastic and aesthetic major has shown an upward trend. The number of doctors increased significantly in 2022, with over 90% of doctors in public institutions (about 70% in private institutions) receiving higher education. In recent years, the proportion of doctors from other specialties engaging in plastic and aesthetic activities has increased. The proportion of inpatients seeking aesthetic treatments has also increased. Among outpatient patients, the proportion of injection procedures was relatively low. About one-third of private medical institutions have not yet adopted an electronic medical record system.

Data feedback is the cornerstone of medical quality control in Chinese plastic and aesthetic major. Existing data indicates that the related industry is developing steadily, but there is still room for improvement in terms of some indicator data. However, due to the limited data from private medical institutions, it is still necessary to encourage them to improve their reporting enthusiasm in order to conduct a more comprehensive assessment in the future.

To construct a quality control indicators system for Chinese plastic and aesthetic major and lay foundation for medical quality control.

National Quality Control Center of Plastic and Aesthetic Major established a working group in February 2023. Guided by the "structure-process-outcome" theory, the working group formulated medical quality control indicators for Plastic and Aesthetic major by learning from relevant indicators of other majors, reviewing literature, discussing in meetings, and combining opinions from quality control experts. The quality control indicators system was finally established by Delphi expert consultation.

Delphi survey was 100% of 2 rounds. The authorities of 2 rounds of expert consultation were 0.854 and 0.857. The harmonious coefficients were 0.387 of primary indicators and 0.425 of secondary indicators(P < 0.01). The finalized indicators system includes 3 primary indicators and 9 secondary indicators.

The quality control indicators system established in this study for Plastic and Aesthetic major in China has a certain degree of scientificity and rationality, which offers reference for medical quality control of Plastic and Aesthetic major in China. However, this system should be improved and ameliorated in practical application.