In order to screen high-efficiency grape rootstocks with different nutrients, the nutrient uptake and utilization efficiencies of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in 87-1 grape variety grafted with 12 rootstock varieties were studied, which was beneficial to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of rootstocks and the improvement of fertilizer utilization in grape production.

From January 2020 to November 2021, the whole grape plants sampled from 87-1 grape variety grafted with 12 rootstock varieties at the key growth stages, such as germination stage, initial flowering stage, end bloom stage, seed development stage, veraison stage, maturation stage and deciduous stage, were carried out for two consecutive years, respectively. Based on mineral element content of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg in plants, the element accumulation per plant, dry matter production efficiency (DMPE), fruit production efficiency (FPE) and harvest index (HI) of each combination were calculated. And then, the differences between each indexes were analyzed, and the effects of different rootstocks on the absorption and utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium were compared.

The significant differences in the accumulation of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg per plant among different stock were found, 87-1/34EM of which had the highest accumulation of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg. Using DMPE and FPE as indicators, the biological and economic utilization efficiencies of nutrients (BUE and EUE) were evaluated. N and K of 87-1/420A combination had the highest DMPE, and 87-1/Beta and 87-1/101-14 combinations had higher DMPE of P and Ca. DMPE of Mg in 87-1/5BB combination performed better. The FPE of K was the best within 1103P rootstock, while the 101-14 rootstock had the highest FPE of N, P, Ca and Mg. The HI reflected the absorption and distribution of nutrients in the fruit. Under different rootstock treatments, the Beta rootstock had the highest HI of P and K, and the HI of N, while Ca and Mg was the highest within SO4, 5BB and Huapu No. 1 rootstock, respectively.

The grape absorptions of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg within different rootstocks were significantly different, and the absorption capacity and utilization efficiency showed inconsistency. Beta and 101-14 rootstocks had higher BUE and EUE of P and Ca. The BUE and EUE of K within 1103P rootstock was higher. 420A and 5BB rootstocks performed the best BUE in terms of N and Mg, respectively, while 101-14 rootstocks performed best EUE in terms of those. In addition, The Beta rootstocks promoted the distribution of P and K to fruits. SO4, 5BB and Huapu No. 1 rootstocks promoted the distribution of N, Ca and Mg to fruits, respectively.