In view of the research on the modification of roadway surrounding rock, the combination of theoretical analysis and laboratory test is mainly used to theoretically analyze the factors affecting the plastic zone range of surrounding rock before modification. The mechanical properties and acoustic emission characteristics of the specimens in different time periods after modification were studied by experiments. The fracture mechanics of the surrounding rock modified body was studied by compressive, tensile, shear and acoustic emission experiments. The results show that the range of plastic zone of surrounding rock before modification is affected by parameters such as support resistance, lateral pressure coefficient, softening coefficient, dilatancy gradient and residual strength. The results show that the range of plastic zone of surrounding rock before modification is affected by parameters such as support resistance, lateral pressure coefficient, softening coefficient, dilatancy gradient and residual strength. When other conditions are certain, increasing the residual strength of the surrounding rock crushing zone can reduce the range of the surrounding rock plastic zone; the compressive strength of 7 days, 14 days and 28 days of the modified body gradually increased, and finally reached 48.95% of the strength of the original coal sample. The tensile strength of 28 days reached the strength of the original coal sample, and the cohesion was increased by 2.05 times compared with the complete coal sample, which had a good effect on the improvement of the plastic zone of the surrounding rock. The acoustic emission research shows that the acoustic emission signal of the modified body specimen changes strongly at 7 days and 14 days, and a large number of acoustic emission signals are generated at each stage. The internal situation of the specimen is complex under the force condition, while the acoustic emission signal of the modified body at 28 days is relatively stable, mainly before and after the failure. Under the action of time, the failure mode of the modified body gradually changes from ductile failure to brittle failure. It is proved that the strength of the modified body reaches the saturation value after 28 days, and the construction can be carried out again after the strength of the surrounding rock is stable. According to the actual situation, the grouting modification scheme of surrounding rock is formulated, and the displacement of the roof and floor of the surrounding rock and the two sides is monitored. The stability of the modified surrounding rock increases and the deformation decreases.

The roof of the main coal seam in Tingnan Coal Mine of Binchang Mining Area is a typical thick sandstone aquifer structure, and the multi-dynamic disaster outburst problem of rock burst, water damage and gas. Based on the analysis of the field measured data, two typical disaster chains of' rock burst-water disaster and rock burst-gas disaster' in Tingnan Coal Mine were obtained. The disaster-causing mechanism of the disaster chain was studied through laboratory tests, and the principle of coordinated prevention and control of disasters was formulated. The coordinated prevention and control methods of roof disasters in extremely thick sandstone aquifers were designed, including two stages of pre-mining and mining, as well as the overall prevention and control of source chain breaking and systematic prevention and control of isolated chain breaking, and were applied in Tingnan Coal Mine. The results show that with the increase of impact amplitude, the ultimate bearing capacity of dynamic damaged coal and rock mass decreases, and the impact leads to the damage and weakening of roof, which communicates with the thick sandstone aquifer. The porosity of sandstone samples after strong impact is 8.23 %, which is 34.48 % higher than that without impact. The occurrence of rock burst increases the fracture of rock mass and provides a channel for gas escape. Through the cooperative prevention and control technology of roof disaster in extremely thick sandstone aquifer, the average resistance of the support is 35.03 MPa, and there is no obvious stress surge. The water inflow of the working face is stable at 250~280 m³/h, and the methane emission fluctuates at the level of 0.2 %. The research can provide basic theoretical support for the prevention and control of multi-dynamic disasters in coal mines in Binchang mining area, help to achieve efficient prevention of coal mine disaster risks, and promote the progress of multi-disaster collaborative prevention and control technology.