As mining operations delve deeper and mechanization and intelligence levels improve, coal mine disasters are becoming increasingly severe. Consequently, developing effective technology and equipment is crucial to ensure the safety of mining enterprises. This perspective summarizes the technical methods for preventing coal and rock dynamic disasters and controlling dust in coal mines. Furthermore, it provides insights into the future directions of mining disaster prevention techniques and equipment in this field. The aim of this paper is to offer effective disaster prevention strategies, enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of disaster control, and further safeguard the health and safety of miners.

In this study, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, triton, guar gum and sodium polyacrylate are selected as the composite raw materials of dust suppressants through the determination of physical and chemical properties of single components. Design expert software is used to carry out the mixture design, the determination of experimental parameters and the response surface analysis of the sedimentation rate, evaporation resistance property, surface tension, contact angle of coal dust with the reagent. According to the response surface analysis results, the optimal ratio of the reagent has been determined, which is 39.8% for sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 53% for triton, 3.9% for guar gum, and 3.3% for sodium polyacrylate. The results of infrared spectrum show that the dust suppressant had a significant effect on the content change of hydroxyl of hydrophilic functional groups of coal dust. The results of scanning electron microscope experiments show that the dust suppressor has good wetting and binding effects on coal dust. The toxicity test shows that the coal sample did not have the acute inhalation toxicity characteristics of hazardous waste. The dust reduction experiment in similar space shows that the dust reduction efficiency of this new dust suppressants is 95.3%, which is 28.1% and 10.2% higher than that of natural dust fall and water spray dust fall. The conclusions of this study are of great significance for improving the dust reduction efficiency of mine dust suppressants, the dust prevention technologies, the working environment of underground workers, and reducing the incidence of pneumoconiosis.