“Chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS)” and its device applications are predominantly at the experimental stage, with mechanisms not fully understood. There is a need for new chiral materials with simple structures and high room-temperature electron spin polarization rates, crucial for theoretical studies and low-power spin optoelectronic devices. This study examines the CISS effect in carbon nanotubes, graphene chiral rolls, and graphene chiral stacks. While all three exhibit chirality, only the one-side follow curved surface of the graphene rolls demonstrates the CISS effect. Using true and false chirality analysis from Professor Barron, we found that only the charge motion (current) on the chiral surface is true chiral, leading to spin polarization. Thus, the CISS phenomenon occurs when charge motion on the chiral surface is chiral. Both chiral surface structures and chiral charge motion are necessary for electron spin polarization. Further theoretical validation of these conditions will enhance CISS theory.

Unraveling the nature of complex condensed matter systems is of paramount importance in a variety of fields such as pharmacology and materials science. Here we report the synthesis, by the dynamic covalent chemistry (DCC), of a robust, continuous, and low-defect glassy covalent organic network (GCON). The direct imaging of the molecular structure clearly shows the amorphous nature of GCONs, which consists with the competing (nano) crystallite model, not Zachariasen continuous random networks (Z-CRN). Remarkably, the microscopic friction properties were measured on GCONs by atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the GCONs showed lower friction force in comparison with crystalline covalent organic frameworks (COFs).