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Astrodynamics 2020, 4(4): 289-308 https://doi.org/10.1007/s42064-020-0077-6
Research Article | Issue | Published: 02 November 2020

Motion reconstruction of the small carry-on impactor aboard Hayabusa2

Show Author's Information Takanao Saiki1( ),  Yuya Mimasu1,  Yuto Takei1,  Manabu Yamada2,  Hirotaka Sawada1,  Kazunori Ogawa1,3,  Naoko Ogawa1,  Hiroshi Takeuchi1,4,  Akira Miura1,4,  Yuri Shimaki1,  Koji Wada2,  Rie Honda5,  Yasuhiro Yokota1,5,  Kei Shirai3,  Naruhisa Sano6,  Hirohito Ohtsuka6,  Go Ono1,  Kent Yoshikawa1,  Shota Kikuchi1,  Chikako Hirose1,  Yukio Yamamoto1,4,  Takahiro Iwata1,4,  Masahiko Arakawa3,  Seiji Sugita2,7,  Satoshi Tanaka1,4,  Fuyuto Terui1,  Makoto Yoshikawa1,4,  Satoru Nakazawa1,  Sei-ichiro Watanabe1,8,  Yuichi Tsuda1,4
Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino 275-0016, Japan
Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520, Japan
IHI Aerospace Co., Ltd., Tomioka 370-2398, Japan
The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
Keywords:
small body exploration, Hayabusa2, kinetic impact, artificial crater, motion reconstruction
Cite this article:
Saiki T, Mimasu Y, Takei Y, et al. Motion reconstruction of the small carry-on impactor aboard Hayabusa2. Astrodynamics, 2020, 4(4): 289-308. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42064-020-0077-6
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Abstract Full text About this article

Subsurface exploration is one of the most ambitious scientific objectives of the Hayabusa2 mission. A small device called small carry-on impactor (SCI) was developed to create an artificial crater on the surface of asteroid Ryugu. This enables us to sample subsurface materials, which will provide a window to the past. The physical properties of the resulting crater are also useful for understanding the internal structure of Ryugu. Accurate understanding of the crater and ejecta properties, including the depth of excavation of subsurface materials, requires accurate information on impact conditions. In particular, the impact angle is a critical factor because it greatly influences the size and shape of the crater. On April 5, 2019, the Hayabusa2 spacecraft deployed the SCI at 500 m of altitude above the asteroid surface. The SCI gradually reduced its altitude, and it shot a 2 kg copper projectile into the asteroid 40 min after separation. Estimating the position of the released SCI is essential for determining the impact angle. This study describes the motion reconstruction of the SCI based on the actual operation data. The results indicate that the SCI was released with high accuracy.


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About this article

Motion reconstruction of the small carry-on impactor aboard Hayabusa2

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
Chiba Institute of Technology, Narashino 275-0016, Japan
Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan
Kochi University, Kochi 780-8520, Japan
IHI Aerospace Co., Ltd., Tomioka 370-2398, Japan
The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan

Abstract

Subsurface exploration is one of the most ambitious scientific objectives of the Hayabusa2 mission. A small device called small carry-on impactor (SCI) was developed to create an artificial crater on the surface of asteroid Ryugu. This enables us to sample subsurface materials, which will provide a window to the past. The physical properties of the resulting crater are also useful for understanding the internal structure of Ryugu. Accurate understanding of the crater and ejecta properties, including the depth of excavation of subsurface materials, requires accurate information on impact conditions. In particular, the impact angle is a critical factor because it greatly influences the size and shape of the crater. On April 5, 2019, the Hayabusa2 spacecraft deployed the SCI at 500 m of altitude above the asteroid surface. The SCI gradually reduced its altitude, and it shot a 2 kg copper projectile into the asteroid 40 min after separation. Estimating the position of the released SCI is essential for determining the impact angle. This study describes the motion reconstruction of the SCI based on the actual operation data. The results indicate that the SCI was released with high accuracy.

Keywords: small body exploration, Hayabusa2, kinetic impact, artificial crater, motion reconstruction

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Publication history
Copyright
Acknowledgements

Publication history

Received: 27 January 2020
Accepted: 26 March 2020
Published: 02 November 2020
Issue date: December 2020

Copyright

© Tsinghua University Press 2020

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Hayabusa2 team members for their efforts toward making our challenging mission successful and for supplying the data used in this study.

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