Synthesis and application of green solvent dispersed organic semiconducting nanoparticles

Organic photovoltaic semiconductors have made significant progress and have promising application prospects after decades of development. When compared with traditional semiconductors, the solution method for preparing photovoltaic semiconductors shows the advantages of low cost and convenient preparation. However, because of the extremely poor solubility of the polymers used to prepare semiconductors, toxic solvents must be used when using the solution method, which has significant negative effects on the environment and operators and severely limits its development prospects. Organic nanoparticles (NPs), on the other hand, can avoid these issues. Because NPs are typically water or alcohol-based, no toxic solvents are used. Furthermore, NPs have been used in organic solar cells, hydrogen catalysis, organic light-emitting diodes, and other fields after nearly two decades of development, and their preparation methods have been developed. We describe the preparation, optimization, and application of NPs in photovoltaic semiconductors in this review.