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Review Article

From biomimicry to bioelectronics: Smart materials for cardiac tissue engineering

Olurotimi A. Bolonduro1,§Breanna M. Duffy1,§Akshita A. Rao1Lauren D. Black1,2Brian P. Timko1( )
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
Department of Cell, Molecular & Developmental Biology, School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Massachusetts 02111, USA

§Olurotimi A. Bolonduro and Breanna M. Duffy contributed equally to this work.

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Abstract

Effective strategies in cardiac tissue engineering require matrices that recapitulate the mechanical, topographic and electrical cues present in the native extracellular matrix. In this review, we discuss recent efforts in materials science and nanotechnology to achieve functional three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds that modulate and monitor cardiac tissue function. We consider key design considerations, including choice of biopolymer matrix, cell sources, and delivery methods for eventual therapies. We then discuss how solid-state nanomaterials may be integrated within these systems to provide unique electrical and nanotopographic cues that improve electromechanical synchrony. We describe how these approaches may be extended to complex, spatially heterogeneous constructs using 3D bioprinting techniques. Finally, we describe how scaffold materials may be augmented with bioelectronic components to achieve hybrid myocardium that monitors or controls electrophysiological activity. Collectively, these approaches provide a framework for achieving cardiac tissues with tunable, rationally-designed functionalities. We discuss future prospects and remaining challenges for clinical translation.

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Nano Research
Pages 1253-1267
Cite this article:
Bolonduro OA, Duffy BM, Rao AA, et al. From biomimicry to bioelectronics: Smart materials for cardiac tissue engineering. Nano Research, 2020, 13(5): 1253-1267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-020-2682-3
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Received: 01 December 2019
Revised: 13 January 2020
Accepted: 20 January 2020
Published: 26 February 2020
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
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