This study investigates thermal hazard causes and heat distribution patterns in Shicao Village Coal Mine. We identified heat sources, simulated and predicted the thermal environment, analyzed temperature field evolution, and examined thermal hazard control technologies through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Results indicate that heat dissipation from surrounding rock and heat release from mine water inflow are the primary heat sources of thermal hazards in this mine, where heat propagates along faults when passing through them. Increasing airflow velocity, lowering initial airflow temperature, and introducing cooling sources to indirectly reduce heat source power could effectively reduce workplace temperatures by 38.0%, 39.2%, and 33.3% respectively. In spring, summer and autumn, local cooling points could be established for localized cooling, or surface refrigeration could be adopted; no cooling measures are required in winter. This study provides theoretical references for improving the working thermal environment in Shicao Village Mine and in mines under similar conditions.