In charging station services, user charging requirements limit the layout optimization of charging stations to realize total cost minimization. By combining the k-center algorithm and cloud model particle swarm algorithm, this study puts forward a method to improve the global search ability of the adaptive parameter adjustment strategy. A simulation is performed accordingly. Results show that when solving the layout optimization problem for charging stations, the improved adaptive hybrid algorithm that combines the k-center and cloud model particle swarm algorithm outperforms the original cloud model particle swarm algorithm and the basic particle swarm optimization algorithm. The improved algorithm is thus effective.