As a new technology platform developed in recent years, functional electrode interface has obvious advantages in the regulation of cell adhesion and migration behavior. The accurate regulation of the electrical, chemical and mechanical properties of the electrode interface can realize the real-time monitoring and dynamic intervention of cell behavior, which can better explain the law of cell microenvironment interaction. This paper summarizes the selection of electrode materials, morphology construction, chemical modification and preparation technology related to the functional electrode interface. The mechanism of the functional electrode interface regulating cell adhesion and migration was discussed. The physical and chemical characteristics of the functional electrode interface, the mechanism of electric field stimulation and biomimetic microenvironment regulating cell behavior were elaborated. Functional electrode interface brings new opportunities for research and application fields such as tissue regeneration, disease treatment and drug screening. However, there are some problems at this stage, such as lack of signal stability and biological safety. With the development of intelligent materials and the application of artificial intelligence, it is expected to improve the existing shortcomings, so that the application of functional electrode interface can be developed and improved. At the same time, this process is also conducive to the elucidation of the regulation of cell behavior and the discovery of new treatment methods for diseases.