As a new ecological management model that integrates modern information technology, Smart Forestry and Grassland relies on intelligent sensors and information network systems to enable dynamic monitoring, precise management, scientific decision-making, and efficient utilization of forest and grassland resources. It has achieved significant results in enhancing resource utilization efficiency, strengthening biodiversity conservation, improving disaster prevention and recovery capabilities, and promoting the sustainable development of forestry and grassland sectors, and has gradually become an important technological pillar for China’s ecological civilization construction. However, systematic reports on the development of Smart Forestry and Grassland are currently scarce, which hinders further innovation and promotion of this model. Based on a systematic review of the development history of Smart Forestry and Grassland both domestically and internationally, combined with an analysis of its key technologies and scope of application, this paper points out that the development of Smart Forestry and Grassland in China still faces prominent issues such as insufficient automation, low levels of intelligence, and weak precision capabilities. To address these bottlenecks, this paper proposes future research priorities and development directions for China’s Smart Forestry and Grassland sector across three dimensions: automation, intelligence, and precision.