To address the issue of resonance easily induced by random vibrations in the connecting bands between the mother and child platforms of an aircraft during carrier-based flight operations, this study conducted an optimization design. It comprehensively employed parametric modeling, finite element analysis, the response surface method, and an improved differential evolution algorithm to carry out multi-objective collaborative optimization research. By innovatively combining the response surface method with an improved differential evolution algorithm, this study constructed high-precision response surface models to transform complex engineering problems into quantifiable mathematical models. Leveraging the global optimization capabilities of the improved differential evolution algorithm to overcome the limitations of traditional methods, the study significantly enhanced optimization efficiency and computational accuracy. The optimization results show that the structural stress of the connecting clamp band decreased by approximately 15%, effectively enhancing structural reliability; the modal shift rate of the clamp band increased by nearly 30%, significantly reducing the risk of resonance; the mass of the clamp band was reduced by up to 30%, achieving an organic integration of reduced structural stress, resonance suppression, and structural lightweighting. Ultimately, an optimal design scheme for the clamp band connecting the mother and daughter platforms was obtained, with the relative error between model predictions and simulation experimental values remaining within 6%. This research provides an effective technical pathway for enhancing the performance of aircraft mother-daughter platforms, and its methods and conclusions can serve as a reference for the optimization design of similar aerospace equipment.