The application of interference bushings in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) joints has demonstrated significant potential in enhancing fatigue life performance. However, the lack of in-depth research on key installation process parameters—particularly interference fit size and installation speed—has limited broader application of this technique. To fill in this gap, this study designed a series of experiments to investigate the effects of these two parameters on the fatigue performance of CFRP/Ti double-lap joints. This study utilized stress wave separation technology to accurately measure the installation displacement, speed, and resistance under varying installation speeds. Real-time structural damage monitoring was conducted through circumferential strain measurements and acoustic emission analysis. By establishing a correlation among installation parameters, damage characteristics, and fatigue life outcomes, the study reveals that a smaller interference fit size combined with a higher installation speed can effectively reduce installation-induced damage and significantly enhance joint fatigue performance.