The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has increased the importance of network intrusion detection systems (NIDS) for protecting modern networks. However, many machine learning and deep learning based NIDS rely on large volumes of labeled attack data, which is often impractical to obtain for newly emerging or rare attacks. This paper presents a benchmark-style systematic evaluation of meta-learning-based Few-Shot Learning (FSL) classifiers for detecting previously unseen intrusions with limited labeled data. We investigate three representative FSL models, namely Prototypical Networks, Relation Networks, and MetaOptNet, and further examine two decision-level ensemble strategies based on majority voting and probability averaging. Experiments are conducted on the UQ-IoT-IDS-2021 dataset under four attack distributions and five K-shot settings (
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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2026, 147(1): 45
Published: 27 April 2026
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