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Multiplicity of solutions to ( p , q )-Kirchhoff equations with weight functions via local Palais-Smale condition
AIMS Mathematics 2026, 11(5): 13913-13936
Published: 15 May 2026
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In this paper, we study the following ( p , q )-Kirchhoff equation with weight functions:

{ k { p , q } ( ( 1 + R N | u | k d x ) Δ k u + | u | k 2 u ) = λ h ( x ) | u | r 2 u + g ( x ) | u | s 2 u , u W 1 , p ( R N ) W 1 , q ( R N ) ,

where 1 < q p, { r , s } ( 2 p , p ), and p < N < 2 p. By applying a critical point theorem following Perera (J. Anal. Math., 2025), there exists Λ m 0 such that the equation has at least m N pairs of nontrivial solutions for every λ > Λ m . Particularly, we need only prove that the corresponding energy functional satisfies the local Palais-Smale condition, and an explicit expression for Λ m is given, which generalizes some results in the existing literature and provides a new perspective for searching for multiple solutions of Kirchhoff-type equations.

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