Current wooden chairs commonly suffer from insufficient support, structural deformation, and poor stability, negatively impacting user experience and durability. To address these issues and enhance the structural performance and usability of wooden chairs, this study investigates the critical role of wood's mechanical properties in chair design and proposes an optimized design based on these characteristics. The aim is to improve load-bearing capacity, stability, and material utilization efficiency.

The compressive and flexural strength of different wood types (e.g., pine, oak, beech) was systematically analyzed, along with the influence of grain direction and moisture content on material strength. Based on these findings, a mechanics-driven optimization design was proposed, focusing on improving the connection structure between the chair frame and seat to enhance overall support. Finite element analysis (FEA) using ANSYS software was then conducted to simulate stress distribution and structural stability, ensuring design rationality.

Physical prototype testing demonstrated that the optimized chair exhibited a 22% increase in compressive efficiency under static and dynamic loads, a 37% improvement in backrest support, and a reduction of over 25% in lumbar pressure due to ergonomic enhancements. Additionally, material stiffness increased by 19%, stability improved by 23%, validating the effectiveness of grain optimization strategies. The optimized design also minimized material waste, improving wood utilization while maintaining cost-effectiveness and environmental sustainability.

Structural optimization based on wood's mechanical properties effectively enhances the durability and comfort of wooden chairs, providing a scientific foundation for furniture design. Future research could further explore the optimal pairing of different wood types with structural designs and incorporate sustainable materials (e.g., bamboo, engineered wood) to develop more efficient and eco-friendly solutions for the wooden furniture industry.