This paper presents a method of quantifying the air-void distribution and cracking characters through X-ray computed tomography. Five mixtures are analyzed for air-void distribution, and two of them are tested for cracking development under compression. Results indicate that the meso-level air void in the five mixtures obviously differ, and the cracking-development rules are correlated on with the mixture gradation and air-void distribution. Good correlation is observed between the air-void frequency and the fractal dimension of gradation. The air-void rate on the upper part is larger than that on the bottom. Meanwhile, considering the effect of the end restraint, the cracking increment on the middle part are obviously than the upper and bottom part. The cracking in the cement-stabilized crushed stone is circular when the fine aggregate proportion is high (45%).