Despite the considerable regenerative capacity exhibited by adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs), their genetic and molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood.

In this study, we analyzed the global gene expression profile of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) using microarray analysis and compared it with stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells.

Microarray analysis revealed that ASCs express elevated levels of genes related to the extracellular matrix (ECM; extracellular matrix) and collagen, which are critical components of tissue remodeling and wound healing. Additionally, genes associated with cell growth, differentiation, motility, and plasticity were highly expressed. When compared to stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells, ASCs demonstrated enrichment of genes involved in anti-inflammatory responses, immune modulation, tissue repair, cell adhesion, and migration processes. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA; Gene Set Enrichment Analysis) showed activation of pathways related to angiogenesis, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Integrin, Wnt signaling pathways, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), extracellular matrix (ECM), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), highlighting the significant angiogenic potential of ASCs. Gene Ontology (GO; Gene Ontology) analysis further linked ASCs to biological processes associated with the regulation of cell proliferation and muscle cell differentiation.

These findings collectively underscore the suitability of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) as a promising candidate for regenerative medicine, particularly in applications involving tissue repair, immune modulation, and promotion of angiogenesis.