A similar simulation experiment is a solid model experiment technology based on similarity theory. It can effectively simulate the overall deformation behavior of rock strata during the mining process and accurately reflect the structural relationships of coal and rock mass failure. It plays an important role in underground mining engineering research. In such experiments, the accurate capture and measurement of deformation parameters is particularly critical.

In this paper, based on digital image correlation (DIC) and infrared thermal imaging technology, an experimental platform for simultaneous monitoring of strain field and temperature field was constructed. The platform consists of three modules: a physical experiment frame model, a loading system, and a multi-source data acquisition system. The physical model was designed strictly according to similarity theory, satisfying the similarity criteria of geometry, mechanics, and motion, and can accurately simulate the actual rock structure. The loading system is used to reproduce changes in roof pressure induced by rock movement and to realize stress path control under different mining conditions. The data acquisition system integrates optical, thermal, and electrical sensing equipment; supports synchronous acquisition and fusion analysis of DIC full-field strain, infrared temperature field, and stress signals; and provides technical support for multi-physical field collaborative monitoring.

Using this experimental platform, based on DIC and infrared thermal imaging technology, a physical similarity simulation experiment was carried out against the engineering background of gob-side entry retaining in a mine in Guizhou. The results are as follows: as the working face advanced to 36 m, 69 m, 93 m, and 100 m, the roof strata underwent the process of breaking, sinking, and stabilizing. There was high spatial consistency between the displacement field and the temperature field. The rock mass deformation and stress concentration areas shown in the displacement field corresponded to the high-temperature areas detected by infrared imaging, confirming that friction, collision, and dislocation of rock blocks are the main heat generation mechanisms. The mechanical behavior of rock mass revealed by DIC technology and the energy conversion process reflected by infrared thermal imaging were mutually verified, fully demonstrating the comprehensive advantages of multi-field coupling monitoring in revealing the failure mechanism of rock mass and providing a reliable basis for surrounding rock stability evaluation and disaster precursor identification.

The introduction of this experimental platform into research and teaching effectively improves students' ability to comprehensively apply theoretical knowledge and advanced experimental methods to solve practical engineering problems. The teaching goal of “promoting learning by research and integrating learning with research” has been realized.