Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a viral infection in cattle caused by the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV). The purpose of this study was to examine the qualitative dynamics of the LSD model, including vaccine efficacy and different types of discrete time delays. The model considers LSD transmission in both susceptible and vaccinated populations. Local and global stability analyses have been conducted. A Lyapunov functional was developed, and LaSalle's invariance principle was utilized to demonstrate the global asymptotic stability of the model's equilibria. We have calculated the basic reproduction number
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Open Access
Research Article
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AIMS Mathematics 2025, 10(9): 20642-20669
Published: 09 September 2025
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