This paper investigates the pth moment exponential stability of stochastic functional differential equations (SFDEs) with random impulses. By employing the Razumikhin-type method in combination with mathematical induction, we derive an exponential stability criterion for the considered system. In addition, we elucidate the intermediate mechanisms through which impulsive disturbances affect system stability, thereby extending and generalizing existing results in the literature. Finally, two numerical examples are presented to confirm the correctness and validity of the theoretical findings.