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Height–plane contact along edges, corners, and cusps
AIMS Mathematics 2025, 10(12): 30594-30622
Published: 26 December 2025
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We study pairs X ~ = ( X , S ) which consist of regular surfaces X R 3 endowed with a distinguished boundary S given by y 2 x s = 0 ( s = 1 , 2 , 3: edge, corner, cusp). First, we give an explicit description of the logarithmic vector fields tangent to ( g , b s ), g = z f ( x , y ). In particular, the five fields E , L , G g , G x , G y generate D e r ( log ( g , b s ) ). This yields a concrete Kodaira–Spencer calculus and a relative 2-determinacy theorem (with a single parabolic exception). Then, we classify submersions and obtain normal forms and mini versal unfoldings for submersion germs in codimension 2, with respect to the R ( X ~ )-equivalence relation. Second, for height functions h v ( w ) = w , v we obtain sharp linear conditions on v S 2 that characterize the A k –contact along each boundary type. In particular, in the cuspidal case, the A 3 / A 5 transition is governed by singular torsion. The resulting direction discriminant D s S 2 corresponds, under the direction–parameter normalization, to a hyperplane arrangement of linear discriminant loci in the mini versal parameter spaces. Both the ambient discriminant D X and the boundary contact discriminants are invariant under P R + ( X ~ )–equivalence.

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