At present, the world has developed to a new stage of large-scale access to space, which has put forward higher requirements for the development of space transportation. Facing the historical mission of building a space power, focusing on the construction of the China’s space transportation system, this paper studied the development situation of the space transportation system in the world, summarized the development status of the China’s space transportation, combined with future development requirements, and put forward prospects for the future development of the China’s space transportation system.