The frequent occurrence of transmission line galloping induced by wind deflection poses a serious threat to the stable operation of power systems and results in significant economic losses. Therefore, the real-time online monitoring of transmission line galloping has become a key focus of research. This paper reviews the causes of transmission line galloping and discusses the current online monitoring technologies and system performance. Commonly used monitoring methods, and existing limitations are analyzed, and the major challenges faced by current galloping monitoring technologies are summarized. To address these challenges, a fusion monitoring method combining MEMS vibration sensing and BeiDou (BD) differential positioning is proposed. By integrating WSN/GPRS/BD communication networks, a real-time online monitoring platform for large-span transmission lines is established. This platform, which unifies sky, ground and space communication through the Beidou system, enables accurate real-time monitoring of transmission line galloping. The proposed approach provides valuable guidance for the real-time online galloping monitoring technologies for transmission lines.

Aiming at the problems of complex installation, high power supply and maintenance costs of existing transmission line wind deflection/galloping monitoring terminals, this paper proposes a wireless intelligent monitoring scheme based on spacer dampers: MEMS(micro-electro-mechanical-system)three-axis inertial sensors are embedded in the spacer dampers to obtain the three-directional vibration and torsional responses of the conductors; combined with the compressed sensing framework and the orthogonal matching pursuit (orthogonal matching pursuit) reconstruction algorithm, the sparsity of data is utilized and a Gaussian random sensing matrix is adopted to realize the reconstruction of the full-line galloping curves. The simulation and experimental results show that: under the given span condition, the sparsity can be adaptively set with the sampling length; when the observation ratio is 10% to 20%, high reconstruction accuracy can be achieved, which meets the online monitoring needs of long-span lines. This wireless intelligent spacer damper monitoring scheme provides an engineering feasible path for the real-time monitoring and reconstruction of transmission line wind deflection/galloping.