With continuous iteration of technology, the structural contradiction between the supply of vocational education in the new materials industry and the industrial demands has become increasingly prominent. Due to the lack of deep adaptation to professional scenarios, general-purpose large model exhibit various limitations in the strongly specialized and practical-oriented scenarios of vocational education. Therefore, this paper first proposed a vertical model in vocational education specialized fields and constructed a three-layer theoretical framework comprising logical starting points, core elements, and system structure. Subsequently, this paper designed a five-stage spiral technical practice path encompassing five progressive phases of “goal traction→ data foundation→ technology-driven→ application validation→ assessment iteration”, clarifying the technical logic of the model. Then, this paper focused on the practical application of the model, systematically analyzing the intertwined real-world predicament of data barriers, technical barriers, and application barriers. Finally, taking the new materials industry as an example, this paper proposed solutions to overcome the practical predicament of the model: at the data layer, constructing a dual-wheel drive architecture to build a specialized domain databases; at the technical layer, conducting model training and fine-tuning to advance model optimization and capability enhancement; at the application layer, comparing the application testing schemes to form a closed-loop optimization mechanism. By integrating the knowledge system and the skill acquisition laws of the new materials industry, this paper constructed a technical framework for vertical model in vocational education specialized fields, providing new insights for achieving precise adaptation to teaching scenarios and agile response to industrial demands.