From the perspective of sociology, this paper explains the internal logic, mutual influence and restrictive factors between new quality productivity of water conservancy and high-quality development of rural industries. It also constructs implementation paths of new quality productivity of water conservancy empowering high-quality development of rural industries from the dimensions of strengthening advantages of rural industries, enhancing cohesion of rural communities, and practicing concept of green development. As an important component of new quality productivity, the paper discusses the significant role of new quality productivity of water conservancy in high-quality development of rural industries. The results show that new quality productivity of water conservancy can provide infrastructure and technical support for rural industries, promote the optimization of industrial structure and innovation in governance models, and facilitate the development of eco-friendly industries. However, the development of the new quality productivity of water conservancy is also restricted by various factors such as economy, society and ecology.