In the report, the stability regulation mechanism of the Holling IV-Leslie predator-prey system under dichotomous noise was investigated. By characterizing the critical bifurcation conditions that lead to the instability induced by dichotomous noise, the effects of the noise intensity and the temporal memory on the system’s stability were analyzed, and it was demonstrated that adjusting temporal memory can expand the region of Turing instability more sensitively. The numerical simulation experiment results indicated that dichotomous noise destabilizes the system by reshaping bifurcation curves and inducing limit cycle oscillations.