The deployment of complex structures under explosive driving is a key issue in the directional process of deployable directional warheads. Effectively controlling the deployment process is beneficial for controlling the detonation delay and improving the utilization rate of fragments. For the deployment problem of complex structures, based on the JWL equation of state and the second-order Lagrange equation, an explosive driving deployment model considering the expansion process of detonation products and the target hit state is derived from energy conservation. The calculation results of the driving deployment model are compared with the experiment results in the literature, and the accuracy of the calculation results of the explosive driving deployment model is verified. The results show that the theoretical results of the model are in good agreement with the experiment results, and can accurately predict the deployment time of structures under different charge amounts. By controlling the mass ratio of auxiliary charge 1 to auxiliary charge 2 at 1.5−1.7, the structure can be deployed to achieve optimal hit posture, which is more conducive to hitting the target. The research results can enrich the design theory of directional warheads and provide a reference for the design of deployable directional warheads.

In order to study the deformation characteristics of thin-walled ellipsoidal shells under localized impact loading, experimental investigations and numerical simulations were conducted. The global deformation characteristics, central dent depth and dent boundary of the recovery ellipsoidal shell impacted by cylindrical projectiles at different velocities were obtained by projectile impact tests on a light gas gun apparatus and three-dimensional digital image correlation (DIC) technology for deformation process record. The simulation analysis focused on the effects of three different curvature radii on the depression depth and the lengths of the major and minor axes of the ellipsoidal shell. The primary dimensionless independent variables on which the dimensionless deformation characteristics depend were determined by means of dimensional analysis. The influence of less significant parameters was reduced through parameter sensitivity analysis. Under the condition of maintaining consistent scaling ratios for material properties, projectile dimensions, and shell thickness, specific response surface function expressions between dimensionless deformation characteristics vs. three curvature radii and velocity parameters were derived. A formula for predicting global deformation based on the depth of the depression and the depression boundary was proposed. The established expression can well describe the size effect and has a high prediction accuracy, and can provide reference for the design of impact load protection of large-sized curved thin shells in engineering.