By incorporating the traditional mortise-and-tenon structure commonly used in timber structures into the porous column, and the effects of jointing mode, height, hole shape and number on the mechanical behavior and energy absorption characteristics of the structure are investigated under the condition of maintaining a uniform porosity in the porous columns. The mechanical behaviors and energy absorption performance of the porous column model are studied through tests and finite element simulation under uniaxial compression. The results show that the mortise-and-tenon porous structure has a better load carrying capacity in the later stage of the concave shape while realizing rapid assembly. The hexagonal hole model has better load carrying capacity and energy absorption characteristics. The load carrying capacity of the single hole model is higher, and the energy absorption characteristics of the porous model are better.