Moment of inertia is a core concept in university physics and experimental teaching. Although traditional measurement methods are mature, they have limitations such as expensive equipment and complex operations. This paper innovatively proposes a rolling cylinder method for measuring moment of inertia based on the Phyphox software. In this method, a smartphone is fixed inside a rigid cylinder and allowed to roll without slipping down an inclined plane. The gyroscope sensor is used to collect motion data in real time, thereby obtaining the moment of inertia of the smartphone. This method not only features simple experimental setup and low cost but is also easy to implement in conventional classroom settings, offering strong teaching applicability. To verify the reliability of the method, we systematically conducted variable-parameter experiments at different inclination angles, performed a quantitative uncertainty assessment of the experimental results, and compared the measured values with theoretical ones. Furthermore, with the assistance of artificial intelligence programming, we developed a virtual simulation experiment of the rolling cylinder method based on the NuSEP platform. This paper further provides a complete teaching design for this experimental method. Through four class hours of teaching practice, it not only deepens students' understanding of rigid body rotation but also significantly enhances their innovative experimental skills and AI literacy through links such as Phyphox application and AI-assisted programming. This provides new insights for university physics and experimental teaching.

In 1923, Compton discovered the abnormal scattering of X-ray and explained it with quantum theory, which laid the foundation for the development of quantum mechanics. Nowadays, the Compton effect has become an important part of college physics teaching. In order to commemorate the centenary of the discovery of the Compton effect and better enable students to understand the Compton effect, this paper studies the relevant contents of the Compton effect in college physics teaching through literature research and teaching practice. This paper focuses on the curriculum ideological and political elements related to Wu Youxun's scientific contribution, the application of Compton effect and the expansion of theoretical frontiers. Combined with these contents, the teaching design of Compton effect is given based on BOPPPS teaching mode, which provides reference for teachers and students.