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Lower deviation probabilities for supercritical Markov branching processes with immigration
AIMS Mathematics 2025, 10(5): 10324-10339
Published: 15 May 2025
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Let { Z ( t ) ; t 0 } be a continuous-time supercritical branching process with immigration (MBPI) with the offspring mean m ( t ). In this paper, we mainly research the lower deviation probabilities P ( Z ( t ) = k t ) and P ( 0 Z ( t ) k t ) with k t / e m ( t ) 0 as t . Moreover, we present the local limit theorem and some related estimates of the MBPIs. For our proofs, we use the well-known Cramér method to prove the large deviation of the sum of independent variables to satisfy our needs.

Open Access Research Article Issue
Self-normalized Cramér moderate deviations for a supercritical Galton-Waston process with immigration in random environments
AIMS Mathematics 2026, 11(2): 4557-4570
Published: 24 February 2026
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In this paper, we mainly investigated the self-normalized Cramér-type moderate deviations for the Galton-Watson process with immigration in random environments. Our central approach was to establish a self-normalized moderate deviation principle for martingales related to the Lotka-Nagaev estimator under a set of relatively broad conditions.

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