AIMS Mathematics 2023, 8(11): 27513-27527
Published: 15 November 2023
Let be a graph of order and size . A vertex magic total labeling of is a one-to-one function : with the property that for each vertex of , the sum of the label of and the labels of all edges incident to is the same constant, referred to as the magic constant. Such a labeling is even if . A graph is called an even vertex magic if there is an even vertex magic total labeling of . The primary goal of this paper is to study wheel related graphs with the size greater than the order, which have an even vertex magic total labeling. For every integer and , the -fold wheel is a wheel related graph derived from a wheel by duplicating the hubs, each adjacent to all rim vertices, and not adjacent to each other. The -fold wheel has a size that exceeds its order . In this paper, we determine the magic constant of the -fold wheel , the bound of an integer for the even vertex magic total labeling of the -fold wheel and the conditions for even vertex magic , focusing on integers and are established. Additionally, we investigate the necessary conditions for the even vertex magic total labeling of the -fold wheel when is odd and the -fold wheel when is even. Furthermore, our study explores the characterization of an even vertex magic for integer .