Humanity is entering a digital society, and transportation systems are undergoing a phase of transformation. This paper summarizes the developmental trajectory of transportation, analyzes the necessity of researching the basic theories of digital transportation, and proposes a preliminary definition of digital transportation from perspectives including productivity, production relations, transportation scope, traffic scope, management approach, system composition. It describes core characteristics and identifies key research directions for future focus, aiming to stimulate academic discourse and advance basic theoretical research in this field.