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On the rationality of generating functions of certain hypersurfaces over finite fields
AIMS Mathematics 2023, 8(6): 13898-13906
Published: 15 June 2023
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Let a , n be positive integers and let p be a prime number. Let F q be the finite field with q = p a elements. Let { a i } i = 1 be an arbitrary given infinite sequence of elements in F q and a 1 0. For each positive integer i, let { d i + j , i } j = 0 be an arbitrary given sequence of positive integers with d i i coprime to q 1. For each integer n 1, let N n , N ¯ n and N ~ n denote the number of F q -rational points of the hypersurfaces defined by the following three equations:

a 1 x 1 + + a n x n = b ,

x 1 2 + + x n 2 = b

and

a 1 x 1 d 11 + a 2 x 1 d 21 x 2 d 22 + + a n x 1 d n 1 x 2 d n 2 x n d n n = b ,

respectively. In this paper, we show that the generating function n = 1 N n t n is a rational function in t. Moreover, we show that if p is an odd prime, then the generating functions n = 1 N ¯ n t n and n = 1 N ~ n t n are both rational functions in t. Moreover, we present the explicit rational expressions of n = 1 N n t n , n = 1 N ¯ n t n and n = 1 N ~ n t n , respectively.

Open Access Research Article Issue
On the deep holes of a class of Cauchy codes
AIMS Mathematics 2025, 10(10): 23534-23546
Published: 16 October 2025
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Suppose F q is a finite field having an odd characteristic. Let D = { x 1 , , x n 1 , }, where { x 1 , , x n 1 } F q . Assume that k is an integer with 2 k < n. We show that u ( D ) is a deep hole of Cauchy code C ( D , k ) if u ( x ) = λ ( x δ ) q 2 + ν x k 1 + f k 2 ( x ), where λ F q , δ F q { x 1 , , x n 1 }, ν F q and f k 2 ( x ) F q [ x ] of a degree that does not exceed k 2. This expands the result shown in our previous paper. In particular, we also show that the received word u = ( u 1 , , u n ) F q n is a deep hole of C ( D , k ) if and only if the Lagrange interpolation polynomial of the first n 1 components of u is λ ( x δ ) q 2 + u n x k 1 + u k 2 ( x ) , where λ F q , δ F q { x 1 , , x n 1 }, and u k 2 ( x ) is a polynomial over F q whose degree does not exceed k 2, if q 1 2 k < n q 2.

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