In order to ensure the safe production of glyphosate production enterprises and reduce or avoid the occurrence of fire and explosion accidents in the production process, the improved Dow Chemical Fire and explosion risk index evaluation method (Dow method) is proposed to carry out safety evaluation. In view of the inaccurate calculation of safety measure coefficient in the current general Dow method, the personnel safety compensation coefficient is added, and the safety compensation is divided into event prevention type and consequence mitigation type, and then the hazardous process units are quantitatively analyzed and calculated, so as to improve the accuracy of the safety evaluation results of Dow method. The improved Dow method is applied to the safety evaluation of a glyphosate production enterprise, and it is found that compared with the traditional Dow method, the improved fire and explosion risk index (F&EI) and exposure area are more sensitive and can more accurately reflect the fire and explosion safety evaluation results of glyphosate enterprises.