Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, a significant branch within the AI field, holds immense application potential and exerts profound influence. This paper reviews the origins and evolution of generative AI technology, analyzes the development and transformation of core techniques, examines the implementation of application scenarios, and explores the challenges and opportunities it faces. It provides insights into future development by analyzing the current Transformer-based technical systems and four emerging trends in technological transformation. The development of generative AI technology faces challenges in data resources and privacy protection, among other aspects. The future development of generative artificial intelligence requires close attention to building a green, healthy, and safe artificial intelligence ecosystem, closely linking the development needs of various fields of society, and effectively meeting human well-being.